Othellos motivation in the play appears to be his love and concern for his wife Desdemona, which ironically, ends up being his downfall in the end. While adding to the tone of the story it also adds to the characters overall personality from the reader's perspective. In Othello, the plot meets the definition of both Aristotle and Shakespeare on a tragedy. These patterns and themes, often referred to as archetypes, are believed to be present in the collective unconscious of all human beings . . Shakespeare derived his plot from Giraldi Cinthios Tale of the Moor, in the story collection Hecatommithi (1565), reshaping Cinthios sensational tale of jealousy, intrigue, and murder in several key ways. Feminist Criticism In Othello - 1360 Words - Internet Public Library Iago's intelligence and wit allows him to make good sport of the protagonists of the play, sending Othello to his doom and that of his family. However, in William Shakespeare's Othello, Emilia's character portrays three completely different archetypes and they all come through in strategical places. I am hitherto your daughter. Speak of me as I am. Free Feminist On Othello Essays and Papers | 123 Help Me Despite naively playing into Iago's hands earlier by giving him the handkerchief, Emilia shows her earnest loyalty to Desdemona. He has promoted Cassio to lieutenant while leaving Iago as ensign. Twere now to be most happy, for I fear Where a malignant and a turband Turk (V.2.316, 323) It is beyond a doubt Othello's fault that all of this wreckage befalls him, and his still has not had a moment of recognition of his failures at reasoning and understanding. Role of the Archetypal Symbols The handercheif is utilized throught Othello to demonstrate the loyalty of Desdemona, as well as Othello's love for her. But Jung's theory of the archetypes of the collective unconscious differs . These archetypalists, focusing on the imaginaland making central the concept that in English they call soul, assert their kinship with Semiotics and Structuralism but maintain an insistent focus on psychoid phenomena, which they characterize as meaningful. His expression of his jealousy quickly devolves from the conventional"Farewell the tranquil mind"to the absurd: Farewell the plum'd troops and the big wars. Othello must now face the realization of what he has done. Kibin does not guarantee the accuracy, timeliness, or completeness of the essays in the library; essay content should not be construed as advice. In addition, he modified and extended his concept over the many decades of his professional life, often insisting that archetype named a process, a perspective, and not a content, although this flexibility was lost through the codifying, nominalizing tendencies of his followers. Finally, Othello arrives giving him the opportunity to renew his marriage vows to Desdemona: It gives me wonder great as my content He suffers barbs and preconceived notions, yet Othello is esteemed and wins the love of the daughter of a nobleman. The story opens on Briony Tallis, a 13-year-old growing up in the upper-middle class in England in 1953 with . Iagos motivation is anything but explainable in conventional terms. Confirmation of this theory was Jungs reading of Faust: part 1 was psychological; part 2, visionary.. Shakespeare shifts the action from Venice to Cyprus. Archetypal criticism, then, construed as that derived from Jungs theory and practice of archetypal (analytical) psychology, is a fledgling and much misconstrued field of inquiry with significant but still unrealized potential for the study of literature and of aesthetics in general. Instead, they blame him for his own ultimate ruin. An archetypal critic would also say that the recurring patterns in literature prove that there are universal Citations Archetypal Criticism Archetypal theory and criticism, although often used synonymously with Myth theory and crticism, has a distinct history and process. Even French feminist Julia Kristeva has been brought to praise a Jungian contribution to feminist discourse on the maternal: recognition that the Catholic churchs change of signification in the assumption of the Virgin Mary to include her human body represented a major shift in attitude toward female corporaiity (113). Literary Theory from 1900 to 1966: A-Z A Alexander Chirila First published: 24 December 2010 https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444337839.wbelctv1a009 Read the full text PDF Tools Share Abstract Archetypal criticism is a form of analysis based on the identification and study of recurring symbolic and mythic patterns. Mythological critics compare one work to others with similar story . The major work of Frye's to deal with archetypes is Anatomy of Criticism but his essay The Archetypes of Literature is a precursor to the book. The key to extremely detrimental jealousy lies within one's ability to recognize it or deny it. Ironically, as in the feminist revisioning of explicitly male-biased Jungian theory, the rise in the 1980s of Reader-response theory and criticism and the impetus for canon revision have begun to contribute to a revaluation of Jung as a source of literary study. The scene crowns love triumphant. 1: 4), but he distinguishes his concept and use of the term from that of philosophical idealism as being more empirical and less metaphysical, though most of his empirical data were dreams. After Othello was convinced that Desdemona was cheating on him, Othello had started to show his disappointment with her. This heuristic distinction was formed, however, solely on psychobiographical grounds: Did the text originate in, and remain principally shaped by, the authors experience of consciousness and the personal unconscious or his or her experience at the level of the archetypal collective unconscious? According to Hillman, that discourse was anticipated by Evangelos Christous Logos of the Soul (1963) and extended in religion (David L. Millers New Polytheism, 1974), philosophy (Edward Caseys Imagining: A Phenomenological Study, 1976), mythology (Rafael Lopez-Pedrazas Hermes and His Children, 1977), psycholinguistics (Paul Kuglers Alchemy of Discourse: An Archetypal Approach to Language, 1982), and the theory of analysis (Patricia Berrys Echos Subtle Body, 1982). Key quotation (Aside) O, you are well tuned now!But I'll set down the pegs that make this music, As honest as I am. As Othello came to his breaking point, desdemona foreshadows her own death and he lets jealousy take over. (V.2.320-322) Giving up is hardly Othello's style, but this is how a noble and true man should react when he has mistakenly killed his wife. No products in the cart. "An Archetype Criticism of Othello, a Play by William Shakespeare." An example, is that they had to overcome a huge obstacle such as love because Othello and Desdemona were in love but her father did not approve of it. However, Othello's words give a deeper insight into how he still misunderstands the situation. Witness that here Iago doth give up The intensity and focus of Othello is unalleviated by subplots, comic relief, or any mitigation or consolation for the deterioration of the noble Moor and his collapse into murder and suicide. Othello: A Survey of Criticism :: Internet Shakespeare Editions - UVic.ca Each literary theory will examine the text through different lenses, resulting in different interpretations. And let the labouring barque climb hills of seas That not another comfort like to this The dynamic of Othellos character significantly changes throughout the play. As in a typical Shakespearean comedy, love, tested, triumphs over all opposition. Archetypes Archetypal criticism focuses on patterns in a literary work that commonly occur in other literary works. In a mess of questions of good and evil, right and wrong, critical supporters of Iago (T.S. Emilia in Othello: Character Analysis & Quotes - Study.com In Shakespeare's Othello, Iago is one of the most compelling villains in English literature. Archetypal criticism is a product of both cultural anthropology and psychoanalysis which are academic fields that might seem to be far from the concept of archetypal criticism. When he realizes the grave mistake he had made by taking an honest Desdemona's life he can no longer live with himself. Consistent with his role as guardian of order in the state, Othello carries out his own execution, by analogy judging his act as a violation reflected by Venices savage enemy: And say besides, that in Aleppo once, In this essay let us examine the various themes and determine which are dominant and which subordinate. The character of Iago is so conducted, that he is from the first scene to the last hated and despised. First Cassio lands to deliver the news of Othellos marriage and, like the best man, supplies glowing praise for the groom and his bride; next Desdemona, accompanied by Iago and his wife, Emilia, enters but must await news of the fate of Othellos ship. And concomitantly, on which of these levels was the reader affected? O, farewell! (5. ukraine russia border live camera /; June 24, 2022 / Man but a rush against Othello's breast / And he retires." His destruction is essentially precipitated by his own actions, as well as by the actions of the characters surrounding him. Frazers and Jungs texts formed the basis of two allied but ultimately different courses of influence on literary history. A fig! Self-interest is all that matters, and love is merely a lust of the blood and a permission of the will. Othello and Desdemona cannot possibly remain devoted to each other, and, as Iago concludes, If sanctimony and a frail vow betwixt an err-ing barbarian and a super-subtle Venetian be not too hard for my wits, and all the tribe of hell, thou shalt enjoy her. The problem of Iagos motivation to destroy Othello and Desdemona is not that he has too few motives but too many. As Iago asserts to Roderigo, Virtue? An analysis of women being victims in Othello: Othello is a play written by William Shakespeare in the 1600s, this essay is from a feminist perspective. Archetypal Analysis | R-bloggers Othello, being a hero, enjoys a good reputation and has notable qualities. Misled by the handkerchief, his love token to Desdemona, that Iago has planted in Cassios room and by a partially overheard conversation between Iago and Cassio, Othello, by the end of act 3, forsakes his wife and engages himself in a perverse version of the marriage ceremony of act 2 to Iago. R. F. C. Hull, 2 vois., 1973-75). 364-367). Farewell! Here are some ways our essay examples library can help you with your assignment: Read our Academic Honor Code for more information on how to use (and how not to use) our library. "Othello is essentially an noble character, flawed by insecurity and a nature that is naive and unsophisticated". In archetypal criticism, under the reductive method of analysis, a critic, while elucidating a text, moves from the particular truth to the general truth. Between William Shakespeares most expansive and philosophical tragediesHamlet and King Learis Othello, his most constricted and heart-breaking play. Discuss The Archetypes Of The Tragedy In Othello | 123 Help Me Archetypal Criticism of Othello by Tommy Finn - Prezi Placing responsibility in the stars - he calls Desdemona an "ill-starred wench" - is hardly a gallant course of action. In addition, many powerfully heuristic Jungian concepts, such as synchronicity, have yet to be tested in literary contexts. Nobody; I myself. James Hillman, Archetypal Psychology: A Brief Account (1983), Re-Visioning Psychology (1975); C. G. Jung, Collected Works (ed. So much I challenge that I may profess Like the base Indian, threw a pearl away Archetypal Criticism - ResearchGate By the end of the play, he has brought down his world around him with the relentless force that made him a great general turned inward, destroying both what he loved best in another and in himself. Kibin, 2023, www.kibin.com/essay-examples/an-archetype-criticism-of-othello-a-play-by-william-shakespeare-yJF4zltX. The fulfillment of the wedding night that should come at the climax of the comedy is relocated to act 2, with the aftermath of the courtship and the wedding now taking center stage. If it were now to die Other forms previously labeled Jungian are here subsumed under the term archetypal because whatever their immediate specific focus, these forms operate on a set of assumptions derived from Jung and accept the depth-psychological structure posited by Jung. In his "The . Othello also matches Aristotle's ideas of tragic hero because our Othello realizes the error of his ways, causing us to feel sympathy for him. ("Literary Criticism.") But the great literary text for Jungs life and work was Johann Wolfgang von Goethes Faust, not because of its literary qualities but because he sensed that the drama expressed his own personal myth (Letters 1:309-10). An equal case can be made that Iago here completes his role as Vice, borrowed from the medieval morality plays, sealing the Faustian bargain for Othellos soul in this mock or black marriage scene. While acknowledging the grave weaknesses of much Jungian writing on literature as unsubtle and rigid application of preconceived psychological notions and schemes resulting in particularly ill-judged or distorted readings, van Meurs still finds that sensitively, flexibly and cautiously used, Jungian psychological theory may stimulate illuminating literary interpretations (14-15). The three fundamental qualities of an archetype are: An archetype is a preconscious, instinctual expression of man's basic nature. Frye, however, notably in Anatomy of Criticism, essentially redefined and relocated archetype on grounds that would remove him unequivocally from the ranks of Jungian critics by severing the connection between archetype and depth psychology: This emphasis on impersonal content has been developed by Jung and his school, where the communicability of archetypes is accounted for by a theory of a collective unconsciousan unnecessary hypothesis in literary criticism, so far as I can judge (m-12). Othello makes an error in judgement, which leads to his change in fortune, and later realizes that his actions are what caused said change in fortune. http://www.kibin.com/essay-examples/an-archetype-criticism-of-othello-a-play-by-william-shakespeare-yJF4zltX Be sure to capitalize proper nouns (e.g. Othello is now reduced to questioning his wife's maid, Emilia, looking for evidence of Desdemona's infidelity. An archetype is recurrent. He is the general of the Venetian army and a well respected man by the towns noble men. As the handkercheif is stolen from Desdemona, Othello believes that she has become unfaithful to him, which leads him down a jealous path and eventually kill her. The next significant development in archetypal theory that affected literary studies grew out of the effort made by U.S.-born, Zurich-trained analyst James Hillman (b. Archetypal criticism focuses on such things in a work. Kibin. archetypal criticism definition and examples archetypal criticism in othello And the 1980s saw a new, suggestive, and controversial direction in archetypal studies of literature: the feminist. Eventually, this leads to Othellos suicide. Further, the text offered confirmation (and poetic representation) of the only direct contribution Jung made to literary theory: a distinction between psychological and visionary texts (Collected 15:89-90). Furthermore, they must also have a fatal flaw, that eventually leads to their downfall. Iago tries to prove Desdemona is having an affair with Cassio which increases Othello's torments of jealousy. The archetypal characteris a simple character template recognizable to all readers. Beat a Venetian and tradud the state, What is striking about Shakespeares alteration of Cinthios grisly tale of murder and villainy is the shift of emphasis to the provocation for the murder, the ennobling of Othello as a figure of great stature and dignity to underscore his self-destruction, and the complication of motive for the ensigns actions. Patterns originate from the writer's . Archetypal Criticism Archetypal criticism argues that archetypes determine the form and function of literary works, . Altho a tragic ending it may be, Othello couldn't stand being a such a fool to have believed such lies about his one and only love. And it is thought abroad that twixt my sheets Hes done my office. "Now will I question assio of ianca, As he shall smile, Othello shall go mad; . Shakespeare's play, Othello, the Moor of Venice, is a powerful example of a tragedy and its main character, Othello, is an excellent illustration of what Aristotle constitutes as a tragic hero.
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